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Slavery in Japan
Japan had an official slave system from the Yamato period (3rd Century A.D.) until the end of the Sengoku period.
==Early slavery==
The export of a slave from Japan is recorded in 3rd century Chinese historical record, but it is unclear what system was involved, and whether this was a common practice at that time. These slaves were called ''Seikō'' (生口) (lit. "living mouth"). The export of slaves from Japan ceased, in part because of Japanese separation from the Sinocentrism.
In the 8th century, slaves were called ''Nuhi'' (奴婢) and laws were issued under ''Ritsuryousei'' (律令制). These slaves tended farms and worked around houses. Information on the slave population is sketchy, but the proportion of slaves are estimated to be around 5% of the population.
Slavery persisted into the Sengoku period (1467-1615) even though the attitude that slavery was anachronistic seems to have become widespread among elites.〔Thomas Nelson, "Slavery in Medieval Japan," ''Monumenta Nipponica'' 2004 59(4): 463-492〕 In 1590, slavery was officially banned under Toyotomi Hideyoshi; but forms of contract and indentured labor persisted alongside the period penal codes' forced labor. Somewhat later, the Edo period penal laws prescribed "non-free labor" for the immediate family of executed criminals in Article 17 of the ''Gotōke reijō'' (Tokugawa House Laws), but the practice never became common. The 1711 ''Gotōke reijō'' was compiled from over 600 statutes promulgated between 1597 and 1696.〔Lewis, James Bryant. (2003). (''Frontier Contact Between Choson Korea and Tokugawa Japan,'' p. 31 )-32.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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